Understanding Employee Leave Entitlements in Germany

Germany offers a comprehensive framework of employee leave rights, balancing work and personal life. This guide outlines the key types of leave mandated by German law, essential for both employers and employees to understand.

Annual Leave in Germany

All employees in Germany are entitled to paid annual vacation. Upon starting a new job, leave accrues proportionally each month, granting full access after six months of service. The minimum leave days depend on the weekly working schedule, as detailed below.

Weekly Working Days	Minimum Annual Leave Days
1 day	4 days
2 days	8 days
3 days	12 days
4 days	16 days
5 days	20 days
6 days	24 days

For example, a full-time employee working five days a week receives at least 20 days of leave, plus public holidays. Minors enjoy additional days. Unused leave must typically be taken by December 31 but can be extended to March 31 of the following year under certain conditions.

Sick Leave Provisions

After four weeks of employment, workers are eligible for up to six weeks of fully paid sick leave per illness. Compensation is provided by the employer initially, after which health insurance may cover 70-90% of wages for up to 78 weeks. Employees must notify their employer promptly and submit a doctor's note for absences exceeding three days.

Maternity Leave Benefits

Mothers employed in Germany for at least 12 months prior to the expected due date can take 14 weeks of maternity leave, starting up to six weeks before childbirth. Maternity pay, tax-free and based on income, ranges from €300 to €1,800 per month, administered by health insurance funds.

Parental Leave Options

Parents are entitled to up to three years of unpaid leave per child, with the possibility to apply for parental allowance. This benefit covers 65-67% of net income, with a minimum of €300 monthly. If both parents take leave, they can receive subsidies for up to 14 months.

Care Leave for Family Members

Employees can take short-term (up to 10 days) or long-term (up to 6 months) unpaid leave to care for relatives. Notice periods apply, and small employers may have the right to refuse long-term requests.

Special Leave for Personal Events

Weddings and bereavements are recognized with paid leave—typically up to three days for marriage and two days for the death of immediate family. Specific terms are often outlined in employment contracts.

Public Holidays in Germany

Germany observes federal and state-specific public holidays, varying by region. Key dates include New Year's Day, Easter, Labour Day, and Christmas. For instance, 2025 holidays encompass 12 federal days, such as German Unity Day on October 3.

Navigating these regulations can be complex. SailGlobal provides expert guidance to ensure compliance and smooth implementation for businesses operating in Germany.

Employee Leave Rights in Germany: A Comprehensive Guide for Employers